Criminal Law Enforcement Based on Restorative Justice for Community Justice

Abstract

Criminal law enforcement in Indonesia has traditionally adopted a retributive approach that emphasizes punishment of offenders, often providing limited attention to victims and the broader community. This condition has resulted in the incomplete realization of substantive justice. This study aims to analyze the implementation of restorative justice-based criminal law enforcement in achieving community justice. The research problems include how criminal law enforcement is implemented in Indonesia, how the concept of restorative justice is applied within the criminal justice system, and how this approach contributes to community justice. The research method used is normative juridical research with statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that the implementation of restorative justice in Indonesia has developed through various regulations; however, it still faces challenges such as inconsistent application, limited understanding among law enforcement officials, and inadequate technical guidelines. Nevertheless, restorative justice provides significant benefits, including victim recovery, offender accountability, and the restoration of social harmony within society. This study contributes to strengthening the importance of integrating restorative justice into the criminal justice system to achieve a more humane, participatory, and restorative form of justice.

[Penegakan hukum pidana di Indonesia secara tradisional cenderung menggunakan pendekatan retributif yang menitikberatkan pada penghukuman pelaku, dengan perhatian yang relatif terbatas terhadap korban dan masyarakat secara luas. Kondisi ini mengakibatkan belum terwujudnya keadilan substantif secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi penegakan hukum pidana berbasis restorative justice dalam mewujudkan keadilan masyarakat. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini meliputi bagaimana pelaksanaan penegakan hukum pidana di Indonesia, bagaimana penerapan konsep restorative justice dalam sistem peradilan pidana, serta bagaimana kontribusi pendekatan tersebut terhadap terwujudnya keadilan masyarakat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi restorative justice di Indonesia telah berkembang melalui berbagai regulasi, namun masih menghadapi sejumlah tantangan, seperti ketidakkonsistenan dalam penerapannya, keterbatasan pemahaman aparat penegak hukum, serta belum memadainya pedoman teknis pelaksanaan. Meskipun demikian, restorative justice memberikan manfaat yang signifikan, antara lain pemulihan korban, peningkatan tanggung jawab pelaku, serta pemulihan harmoni sosial dalam masyarakat. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam memperkuat pentingnya integrasi restorative justice ke dalam sistem peradilan pidana guna mewujudkan keadilan yang lebih humanis, partisipatif, dan restoratif.]