Ahlika: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam

Musyawarah Badunsanak: Conflict Resolution Efforts in Bungus Teluk Kabung Padang City

2025-09-28T09:01:48+07:00

This study examines the impact of divorce in a Minangkabau family in Bungus Teluk Kabung, West Sumatra, which adheres to a matrilineal kinship system. The main issues raised include two questions: first, how does divorce affect family structure and social relations in Minangkabau society, and second, what is the role of customary law and Islamic law, especially maqashid sharia, in resolving divorce cases and protecting the rights of women and children? This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a field approach, through in-depth interviews with affected individuals, traditional leaders, and officials of the Religious Court and KUA. The results show that divorce not only affects the couple, but also disrupts social stability and weakens the extended family structure. In the matrilineal system, children are still cared for by the mother, but women often bear the economic and social burden after divorce. Musyawarah badunsanak as a customary mechanism is still predominantly used, but has no formal legal force in guaranteeing the rights of women and children. On the other hand, the Religious Courts play an important role in upholding justice through the maqashid sharia approach, such as the protection of offspring (hifz an-nasl) and property (hifz al-mal). This study concludes that synergy between customary approaches and Islamic law is needed so that divorce can be resolved fairly and equitably in the local socio-cultural context.

[Penelitian ini mengkaji dampak perceraian dalam keluarga Minangkabau di Bungus Teluk Kabung, Sumatera Barat, yang menganut sistem kekerabatan matrilineal. Permasalahan utama yang diangkat meliputi dua pertanyaan pertama Bagaimana perceraian memengaruhi struktur keluarga dan relasi sosial dalam masyarakat Minangkabau?, dan kedua Bagaimana peran hukum adat dan hukum Islam, khususnya maqashid syariah, dalam menyelesaikan perkara perceraian serta melindungi hak perempuan dan anak? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan lapangan, melalui wawancara mendalam dengan individu terdampak, tokoh adat, serta aparat Pengadilan Agama dan KUA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perceraian tidak hanya berdampak pada pasangan, tetapi turut mengganggu stabilitas sosial dan memperlemah struktur keluarga besar. Dalam sistem matrilineal, anak tetap diasuh oleh pihak ibu, namun perempuan sering memikul beban ekonomi dan sosial pascaperceraian. Musyawarah badunsanak sebagai mekanisme adat masih dominan digunakan, namun tidak memiliki kekuatan hukum formal dalam menjamin hak-hak perempuan dan anak. Di sisi lain, Pengadilan Agama memainkan peran penting dalam penegakan keadilan melalui pendekatan maqashid syariah, seperti perlindungan terhadap keturunan (hifz an-nasl) dan harta (hifz al-mal). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sinergi antara pendekatan adat dan hukum Islam sangat diperlukan agar perceraian dapat diselesaikan secara adil dan berkeadilan dalam konteks sosial-budaya lokal.]

Shopee PayLater in Digital Financial Transactions: Evaluation of Fiqh Based on Maqasid al-Syari'ah

2025-09-25T22:37:18+07:00

The rapid development of financial technology has significantly increased the popularity of the Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) system in Indonesia, particularly through services such as Shopee PayLater. This scheme offers transactional convenience and flexible payment options that appeal to a wide range of users, especially young consumers. Nevertheless, such convenience raises normative concerns regarding its compatibility with the principles of fiqh mu??malah and Islamic consumption ethics. This study aims to analyze the operational mechanism of Shopee PayLater, identify the types of contracts applied, and examine its implications for Muslim consumer behavior from the perspective of Maq??id al-Shar??ah. The research employs a library-based qualitative method using the interactive analysis model of Miles and Huberman, encompassing data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that Shopee PayLater applies a hybrid contract (al-?uq?d al-murakkabah) which, in practice, contains elements of rib? nas??ah through installment interest and rib? j?hiliyyah through late payment penalties. These elements indicate that the BNPL practice has not fully complied with both national and international Shar??ah standards. Furthermore, the ease of access and lack of consumption control potentially foster excessive consumerism, such as isr?f and tabdh?r, which threaten individual financial stability. Such practices contradict the principle of wealth protection (?if? al-m?l) as a core objective within the framework of Maq??id al-Shar??ah.

[Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi finansial telah mendorong meningkatnya penggunaan sistem Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) di Indonesia, salah satunya melalui layanan Shopee PayLater. Skema ini menawarkan kemudahan transaksi dan fleksibilitas pembayaran yang menarik bagi masyarakat, khususnya generasi muda. Namun, di balik kemudahan tersebut muncul persoalan normatif terkait kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip fikih muamalah dan etika konsumsi dalam Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mekanisme operasional Shopee PayLater, mengidentifikasi jenis akad yang digunakan, serta menilai implikasinya terhadap perilaku konsumsi Muslim berdasarkan perspektif Maq??id al-Syar?‘ah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka dengan model analisis interaktif Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Shopee PayLater menerapkan akad hybrid (al-‘uq?d al-murakkabah) yang di dalam praktiknya mengandung unsur riba nasi’ah melalui penetapan bunga cicilan serta riba jahiliyah melalui pengenaan denda keterlambatan pembayaran. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa praktik Shopee PayLater belum sepenuhnya selaras dengan standar syariah, baik pada level nasional maupun internasional. Selain itu, kemudahan akses dan minimnya kontrol konsumsi berpotensi mendorong perilaku konsumtif berlebihan seperti isr?f dan tabdz?r, yang pada akhirnya mengancam stabilitas keuangan individu dan bertentangan dengan prinsip perlindungan harta (?if? al-m?l) dalam kerangka Maq??id al-Syar?‘ah.]

Between Distance and Obligation: Spousal Maintenance in Long-Distance Muslim Marriages in Sukowidi Village under Islamic Family Law

2025-06-18T15:46:57+07:00

In the context of modern life, challenges in fulfilling financial obligations often arise when couples are in a long-distance marriage. This occurs because the husband or wife leaves the city to earn a living or improve the family's economic situation. This article will discuss the efforts of husbands and wives in long-distance marriages to provide for their families and the implications of long-distance marriages on the provision of livelihoods for husbands and wives in Sukowidi Village, Kartoharjo District, Magetan Regency. This research is field research using data collection techniques, interviews, observation, and documentation. The reality in the Sukowidi community in Kartoharjo Subdistrict is that many husbands work outside the Magetan area. To answer the research questions, the researcher interviewed four families. The results of the study show that the majority of couples are able to fulfill their material needs (clothing, food, shelter), and confirm that distance does not hinder the fulfillment of needs as long as both parties have responsibility and commitment to each other. Success in fulfilling the husband's financial obligations to his wife is highly dependent on open communication, fair division of roles, and efforts to maintain emotional and spiritual needs. Long-distance marriage has significant implications for the psychological, emotional, and communication aspects of the family.

[Dalam konteks kehidupan modern, tantangan pemenuhan nafkah sering muncul ketika pasangan harus menjalani pernikahan jarak jauh. Hal ini terjadi karena suami atau istri pergi ke luar kota untuk mencari nafkah atau memperbaiki perekonomian keluarga. Artikel ini akan membahas usaha suami istri pernikahan jarak jauh dalam pemenuhan nafkah dan bagaimana implikasi pernikahan jarak jauh dalam pemenuhan nafkah suami istri di Desa Sukowidi, Kecamatan Kartoharjo, Kabupaten Magetan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian field Research (Penelitian Lapangan) dengan teknik pengumpulan data, wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Realitas yang terjadi pada masyarakat Sukowidi Kecamatan Kartoharjo banyak suami yang bekerka di luar wilayah Magetan. Untuk menjawab masalah penelitian, peneliti mewancarai emapat keluarga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas pasangan dapat memenuhi nafkah lahir (sandang, pangan, papan), dan menegaskan bahwa jarak tidak menghambat pemenuhan nafkah selama keduanya memiliki tanggung jawab, komitmen antar pasangan. Keberhasilan dalam pemenuhan nafkah suami kepada istri sangat bergantung pada komunikasi yang terbuka, pembagian peran yang adil, serta upaya menjaga kebutuhan batin dan spiritual. Pernikahan jarak jauh membawa implikasi signifikan pada aspek psikologis, emosional, dan komunikasi dalam keluarga.]

Reconstruction of Equality Before the Law: An Islamic Legal Perspective in the Context of Social Inequality

2025-11-05T18:27:55+07:00

This paper explores the integration of Islamic legal principles, specifically justice (adl) and equality (musawah), to address social inequalities in Indonesia’s diverse, post-pandemic society. The objective is to develop an inclusive legal framework aligned with national values. Employing an interdisciplinary approach combining Islamic law, sociology, and economics, the study analyzes theological and juridical foundations from the Qur’an and Hadith, alongside empirical data. Results show progress in reducing social disparities, with the Gini index dropping to 0.375 by March 2025 and poverty rates declining to 8.47 percent. Instruments like productive zakat, digital waqf, and sharia microfinance, supported by digital platforms such as e-court Syariah, have enhanced wealth redistribution and access to justice for marginalized groups. The main novelty lies in proposing an egalitarian family law reform through the Musawah Framework and contextual ijtihad to restore Islam’s original egalitarian values. Despite challenges like conservative resistance and digital divides, these reforms promise sustainable solutions for inclusive development, reducing socio-economic disparities, and strengthening Indonesia’s legal system.

[Tulisan ini mengkaji integrasi prinsip hukum Islam, khususnya keadilan (adl) dan kesetaraan (musawah), untuk mengatasi ketidaksetaraan sosial di masyarakat Indonesia yang beragam pasca-pandemi. Tujuannya adalah membangun kerangka hukum inklusif yang selaras dengan nilai-nilai nasional. Dengan pendekatan interdisipliner yang menggabungkan hukum Islam, sosiologi, dan ekonomi, penelitian ini menganalisis landasan teologis dan yuridis dari Al-Qur’an dan Hadis serta data empiris. Hasilnya menunjukkan kemajuan dalam mengurangi disparitas sosial, dengan indeks Gini turun menjadi 0.375 pada Maret 2025 dan tingkat kemiskinan menurun menjadi 8,47 persen. Instrumen seperti zakat produktif, wakaf digital, dan keuangan mikro syariah, didukung platform digital seperti e-court Syariah, telah meningkatkan redistribusi kekayaan dan akses keadilan bagi kelompok marginal. Kebaruan utama terletak pada usulan reformasi hukum keluarga egaliter melalui Musawah Framework dan ijtihad kontekstual untuk memulihkan nilai kesetaraan asli Islam. Meskipun menghadapi tantangan seperti resistensi konservatif dan kesenjangan digital, reformasi ini menjanjikan solusi berkelanjutan untuk pembangunan inklusif, pengurangan disparitas sosial-ekonomi, dan penguatan sistem hukum di Indonesia.]

Between Informal Marriage and Legal Certainty: Determining Marital Status through Isbat Nikah at the South Jakarta Religious Court

2025-11-09T22:49:23+07:00

The phenomenon of unofficial marriages, or "nikah sirri," remains a complex issue in society, particularly regarding the legal status of the marriage and its impact on the rights of the wife and children. This study aims to analyze the factors contributing to unofficial marriages and the efforts to establish the legal status of such marriages in the Pancoran District, South Jakarta. The research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through observations, interviews with advocates, religious leaders, staff from the Pancoran Marriage Office (KUA), and relevant documentation. The findings of the study indicate that (1) unofficial marriages have consequences, including the invalidity of the marriage status under national law and the absence of the husband's financial responsibility and inheritance rights for the wife and children; (2) the main factors contributing to nikah sirri include love, pregnancy outside of marriage, and family pressure; (3) efforts to validate the marriage status are carried out by applying for marriage registration (isbat nikah) at the Religious Court, which can legalize the marriage under state law. These findings offer new insights into the importance of validating marriage status for safeguarding family rights.

[Fenomena perkawinan di bawah tangan atau nikah sirri masih menjadi isu kompleks di masyarakat, terutama terkait dengan status perkawinan yang tidak sah menurut hukum dan dampaknya terhadap hak-hak istri dan anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor penyebab perkawinan di bawah tangan serta upaya penetapan status perkawinan tersebut di Kecamatan Pancoran, Jakarta Selatan. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara dengan advokat, penghulu, staf Kantor KUA Pancoran, serta dokumentasi terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) perkawinan di bawah tangan berdampak pada ketidakabsahan status perkawinan menurut hukum negara dan tidak adanya kewajiban nafkah serta hak waris dari suami kepada istri dan anak; (2) faktor penyebab utama nikah sirri meliputi faktor cinta, kehamilan di luar nikah, dan tekanan keluarga; (3) upaya penetapan status perkawinan dilakukan dengan mengajukan isbat nikah ke Pengadilan Agama, yang dapat mengesahkan perkawinan tersebut secara negara. Temuan ini memberikan pemahaman baru mengenai pentingnya penetapan status perkawinan yang sah bagi hak-hak keluarga.]